Network Card

Making connections between computers

Computer networks have become an integral part of workplaces and home offices. The increasing need to connect computers has made network cards a common addition to the average computer; but what is a network card? A network card, also called a network adaptor, LAN adaptor or network interface card, aids in networking by enabling communication between computers through MAC addresses. MAC addresses are used in Ethernet network connections, the most common type of networking. Each computer in the network has a unique MAC address assigned to its network card. Ethernet networks initially used coaxial cables to connect, but now they rely on twisted-pair wiring, which is cheaper to install, more reliable and allows for more accurate management and troubleshooting.

Wireless networking is another communication method, and requires a wireless network interface card. Rather than using wiring, wireless network cards communicate through microwaves detected by an antenna. They can connect to the motherboard through the PCI bus, a USB port or a PC card. Wireless networks work through an access point, to which all devices in the network connect. In order to work, all devices must have the same Service Set Identifier (SSI) and Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) key.

With the popularity of networking and the widespread use of Ethernet connections, most computers come equipped with Ethernet cards, and thus separate network cards often do not have to be purchased.

Must-Have Features

• You'll need some kind of network security – especially with wireless networks – such as a WEP key or a firewall.
• When expanding your network, it's best to stay with the same vendor as your other network devices to prevent configuration problems.
• An operating system is required; at least Windows XP Home edition for PC users.

Major Considerations

• Do I want a wired or wireless network?
• Do I need to buy a separate network card, or is my computer already equipped with the networking capabilities I need?
• What kind of interface is compatible with my computer?

Top Manufacturers

• Belkin
• Linksys
• DLink
• Intel
• AMD

Common Accessories or Add-Ons

• Network cable
• Network hub
• Network switch

Price Range

Depending on the quality and features, network cards can range from $20 to $200.

Summary

Networking has become an integral part of computing, whether it's to the Internet, in a business or among household computers. Today, many computers come equipped with network cards, but they can also be purchased in many varieties to accommodate any network's needs.